read in my confirmation class that the breakaway from the Catholic church began in the 1500s... when there was a Reformation in Europe. Before the Reformation, the Roman Catholic Church had beome corrupt in many areas of doctrine and practice. Wrong teachings include:
1) salvation through good works
2) purgatory and indulgences
3) praying to the Virgin Mary and the saints
4) transubstantiation - the belief that the bread and wine are Jesus' real body and blood
5) authority of the church placed above the authority of the Bible.
The Reformation was also stimulated by the desire to be free from the political control and dominance of the Pope, to use English rather than Latin in public worship, and to preach the gospel of salvation by faith.
Martin Luther (1483 - 1546) and John Calvin (1509 - 1546) were key figures in the Reformation of the church in Europe. Other influential key people include John Wycliffe, King Henry VIII and Thomas Cranmer.
Hope that info is erm... informative.